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Russian Flax/Hemp Bale Seals

 

from St Petersburg, Russia

(Known as Leningrad during the Soviet Era)

 

The Crossed Anchor and Grapnel with a Septre
are the Arms of St Petersburg City
  The crossed anchor & grapnel on a seal does not mean it is from St Petersburg. The anchor on the left represents the sea, while the grapnel on the right represents the river. Together they mean that the city has both river and sea ports. It is the sceptre which means that the city was the former capital of Russia.  Together making the Arms of St Petersburg.

   The Anchor and Grapnel appear on seals from other cities because they are sea and river ports. The seal on the left is Riga, the centre one St Petersburg, the one on the right Archangel.

 see   http://www.peacehavens.co.uk/BSRIVERSEA.htm

ТРАН ПОРТА PИЖСКОЙ

Port of Riga

 SANKT PETERBURG

Saint Petersburg

 APXAH (ARKHAN)

Archangel Port

   Kronstadt was the sea port for St Petersburg.

-  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  - 

 

Surprisingly the writer CI Borissow in "The Commerce of St Petersburg" in 1818

 says the trade in quality flax at Riga is much more considerable than at St Petersburg.

 Russians are the basic ethnic community of St. Petersburg. The Russian language is related to the Slavic group of Indo-European languages. Their faith is Orthodox Christian. In the 18th century Russians comprised 90% of the population of St. Petersburg. In 1869 555,000 Russians were living in the city (83.2% of population), in 1900 - 1,184,000 (82.2%), in 1989 - 4,448,900 (89.1%).

 Russians make up the majority of the social communities in St. Petersburg. The Slavonic population, the ancestors of the Russians appeared at the edge of the Neva river basin 1,000 - 2,000 years A.D. In 1323 at the source of the Neva the fortress Oreshek was founded (see Shlisselburgskaya Fortress). At the location of St. Petersburg in the 16th century, there was a Russian trading settlement at the Neva mouth. Russian carpenters, boat builders, workmen were sent at the decree of Tsar Peter the Great (mainly from the north and centre of Russia) and soldiers participated in the construction of the city. In the 19th to the early 20th centuries, immigrants in St. Petersburg from the upper Volga (Yaroslavskaya, Tverskaya, Kostromskaya provinces), north (Vologodskaya, Olonetskaya, Arkhangelskaya provinces) and northwest (Pskovskaya, Novgorodskaya provinces) of Russia predominated. In the 20th century a part of the immigrants came from the south and eastern regions of the country. Interethnic marriage has been characteristic of the Russian population since the late 19th century. Descendants of such marriages usually considered themselves Russian. Being the capital of the Russian Empire, St. Petersburg was the most important centre of Russian culture and remains to be till this day.

The Planted People of St Petersburg - The Guests of Tsar Peter the Great

 

   Merchants were a social group forming a part of the St. Petersburg population, individuals engaged in trade and industrial activities. In the first half of the 18th century merchants came in among the "planted people" whereupon Tsar Peter the Great forcibly sent merchants from Arkhangelsk and other cities with decrees of 1712 and 1714 stipulating the resettlement of more than 300 wealthy merchants to St. Petersburg. The so-called "guests" (by 1716 some 186 merchants were relocated) came to St. Petersburg and traded hemp, skins, flax, and canvas. Among the first merchants were I. Isaev (vice-president of the St. Petersburg City Council), I. Miklyaev, A. Bolotin, I. Veselovsky, I. Dmitrov and M. Evreinov. The Petersburg merchants, as they were all over Russia, were organized into guilds and enjoyed the right of self-government.  The City Charter in 1785 replaced the merchants’ capitation tax of paying a percent from their declared income and permitted them to pay in place of government service. In 1786 the 10 most eminent citizens in St. Petersburg and province included merchants and bankers, there were 288 merchants in the first guild, 394 in the second guild, 3,555 in the third guild. In the second half of the 19th century the numbers of merchants declined.  In 1869 there were about 22,300 people in the merchant class. (3.3% of the population) and  in 1897 - 17,400 (1.4%). comparing 1869/1897 .. of the merchants 77.5% and 80.4% were Russian, with 15.4% and 12% - German, and 4% and 5% Jewish. The German ethnic community formed a part of the St. Petersburg population. German language is related to the Germanic group of Indo-European languages. Their religion is Lutheran (amongst the St. Petersburg population up to 90%) and Catholic. Germans are the majority of the foreigners living in St. Petersburg. The German community was conceived at the same time as the city. Tsar Peter the Great invited German specialists to Russia, among many others. They consisted of artisans (from among these in the 19th century the most famous were the bakers), soldiers, civil servants, scholars, and doctors. The German community in St. Petersburg grew on account of the Germans in the Baltic states, especially Riga, as well as from immigrants from Germany, from the second half of the 18th century. From the second half of the 18th century there arose in St. Petersburg Province a German agricultural colony (on the territory of present day St. Petersburg - Grazhdanka, Vesely Poselok among others). In 1869 there were 45,600 Germans living in St. Petersburg.

** Because we have not physically seen the seals from "Museums & Other Sites" we can not vouch for their 100% accuracy. The soft lead letters are easily distorted which makes the Cyrillic alphabet very difficult to read and mistakes are common. Russian flax bale seals are the "bulla" type - a disc with a tunnel from side to side through which a string or wire is passed.

Petersburg procures its best flax from Novogorod and Pskove.

 

 

Scenes of St Petersburg in the 18th/19th Century

CAHKTПETEPБПOT = SANKT PETERB POT = St Petersburg Port
CAHKTПETEPБУ:ПOP = SANKT PETERBU POR = St Petersburg Port

    At the start of the 19th century St Petersburg was Dundee's most important trading partner with 28 vessels arriving from Russia in 1815. This trade was mainly flax and remained important throughout the century but the raising of prices and poorer quality led to a relative decline. By 1829, imports of flax and hemp from St Petersburg were around 80000 cwt but this was half that coming from Riga. The same pattern can be seen in Arbroath. If flax trade decreased, it was replaced by animal skins with more than 1400 reaching Dundee from St Petersburg in 1829 on the 35 ships docking from that port.

   The number of ships more than doubled by 1836. St Petersburg was one of the few European ports to which Dundee exported in the early 19th century with three of four vessels sailing each year. Most of the figures for St Petersburg - Dundee trade in the 19th century combine the figures for St Petersburg and Kronstadt. St Petersburg was an awkward port to enter, nothing deeper than 8ft 9in could pass the bar so the larger vessels, which could not sail up the Neva, were loaded and unloaded at Kronstadt.

    The principal commodities for the export trade via St Petersburg were iron, copper, hemp, first, second and third sort flax, codilla, cordage, tallow and tallow candles, wax and wax candles, soap, potash, hemp seed oil, linseed oil, isinglass, tobacco leaves, horse hair, treacle, bristles, Muscovy leather, sole leather, tar, pitch, linen yarn, mats, feathers and down, wool, caviar, tea, hops, horsetails, hare skins, Morocco bear skins, calve skins, deals, spars, quills, hats, ox and deer tongues, glass of different kinds, sailcloth, ravenduck, drillings, different kinds of napkin cloth, wheat, rye, linseed, flems, linen of different sorts, ox and cow horns and bones, pelts and other lesser goods.

 

Alexander Shubin Friendship Seals from St Petersburg

 
 

 
  Alexander Shubin Hands of Friendship Seals

  Very rare seal .. the only 13 known Alexander Shubin Seals have all

  been found in the seal fields at Bentham Mills

  Obverse . AЛEKCAH ШУБИHЬ,  ANCHOURER, LE PORT A ST PETERSBOURG

  (ALEXANDER SHUBIN, ANCHOR MAKER, THE PORT OF ST PETERSBURG)

  The anchor was an important part of the City Arms of St Petersburg.

   (Schourer being a family name from German or French Elsass, possibly a Jewish name,

   and Le Port a St Petersbourgh is French for The Port of St Petersburg)

ALT
01

AЛEKCAH ШУБИHЬ
(ALEXANDER SHUBIN)
ANCHOURER

LE PORT A ST PETERSBOURG.

WREATH
CLASPED HANDS
ALTAR or ANVIL		  

  The reverse has a wreath of flax flowers, with clasped Hands of Friendship,

  on what could be an altar or a blacksmith's anvil.  

 

Bentham

Mills

ALT01

ALT02
ALT03
ALT04
ALT05
ALT06
ALT07
ALT08
ALT09
ALT10
ALT11
ALT12
ALT13

      Hands of Friendship found ONLY at Bentham Mills

#

OBVERSE  click thumbnail

REVERSE click thumbnail

Notes

ALT

01

AЛEKCAH ШУБИHЬ

ALEXANDER SHUBIN

  ANCHOURER

LE PORT A ST PETERSBOURG

clasped hands

wreath altar

 

Found in fields where the

seals were  predominately

dated 1829 and 1831 and

the only known seals of its type

--------------

1812 Hands of Friendship

One Penny Copper Token

 

 

Replica of one of a dozen long lost

Russian Royal Bejewelled Crowns

 

ALT

02

AЛEKCAH ШУБИHЬ

ALEXANDER SHUBIN

  ANCHOURER

LE PORT A ST PETERSBOURG

clasped hands

wreath altar

ALT

03

AЛEKCAH ШУБИHЬ

ALEXANDER SHUBIN

  ANCHOURER

LE PORT A ST PETERSBOURG

clasped hands

wreath altar

ALT

04

AЛEKCAH ШУБИHЬ

ALEXANDER SHUBIN

  ANCHOURER

LE PORT A ST PETERSBOURG

clasped hands

wreath altar

ALT

05

AЛEKCAH ШУБИHЬ

ALEXANDER SHUBIN

  ANCHOURER

LE PORT A ST PETERSBOURG

clasped hands

wreath altar

ALT

06

AЛEKCAH ШУБИHЬ

ALEXANDER SHUBIN

 ANCHOURER

LE PORT A ST PETERSBOURG

clasped hands

wreath altar

ALT

07

AЛEKCAH ШУБИHЬ

ALEXANDER SHUBIN

 ANCHOURER

LE PORT A ST PETERSBOURG

clasped hands

wreath altar

ALT

08

AЛEKCAH ШУБИHЬ

ALEXANDER SHUBIN

 ANCHOURER

LE PORT A ST PETERSBOURG

clasped hands

wreath altar

ALT

09

AЛEKCAH ШУБИHЬ

ALEXANDER SHUBIN

 ANCHOURER

LE PORT A ST PETERSBOURG

clasped hands

wreath altar

ALT

10

AЛEKCAH ШУБИHЬ

ALEXANDER SHUBIN

 ANCHOURER

LE PORT A ST PETERSBOURG

clasped hands wreath altar

ALT

11

AЛEKCAH ШУБИHЬ

ALEXANDER SHUBIN

 ANCHOURER

LE PORT A ST PETERSBOURG

clasped hands wreath altar

ALT

12

AЛEKCAH ШУБИHЬ

ALEXANDER SHUBIN

 ANCHOURER

LE PORT A ST PETERSBOURG

clasped hands wreath altar

ALT

13

AЛEKCAH ШУБИHЬ

ALEXANDER SHUBIN

 ANCHOURER

LE PORT A ST PETERSBOURG

clasped hands wreath altar
         
         

 

St Petersburg & Jewish Star Seals

Jews were an ethnic community within the St. Petersburg population. Hebrew is related to the Semitic group of Afrasian languages, Yiddish (was spread throughout the majority of eastern Russia) is related to the Germanic group of Indo-European family of languages. They are mostly followers of Judaism, though some have converted to Christianity. Converted Jews were among the associates of Tsar Peter the Great (diplomat P.P. Shafirov, Gen. Polismaster A.M. Devier). From the 1780s in St. Petersburg, Jewish merchants began to settle (T.N. Notkin, A.I. Peretz). However, the rights of Jews to live in the capital were restricted by special legislation. From the mid-19th century the Jewish community began to grow rapidly: in 1869, there were approximately 6,600 Jews; in 1910 - more than 35,100. Among the Jews minor craftsmen and traders predominated, but there were also doctors, lawyers, journalists and entrepreneurs. From the 1860s Jewish charitable societies operated, publishing papers in Hebrew, Yiddish and Russian. The Ginzburg Barons, rendered great assistance to the Jewish community. In 1893 a choral synagogue opened. In 1802 75 Jews were buried in a different part of Volkovskoe Lutheran Cemetery, from 1875 at their own Jewish cemetery. After October 1917, Jews received access to state organizations and city government, (significant posts were held by G.E. Zinovyev, М.S. Uritsky, V. Volodarsky).

 
 Deciphering Pavlov Star Seals

  One of the rarer seals .. the 18 known Pavlov Stars have all been

  found in the seal fields at Bentham Mills

  The obverse has a six pointed Star of David with Ф.ПABЛOBЬ (F.PAVLOV) in

  Cyrillic and P.H.PAWLOW in Latin. All the seals are identical, except in condition.

 

star
001

Ф.ПABЛOBЬ
(F.PAVLOV)
P.H.PAWLOW.

S. PETERSBURG
Caduceus		                     

  The reverse has a Caduceus with flax flowers and S. PETERSBURG in Latin.

  Many Jews in St Petersburg were involved in the Flax trade and other traded goods..

  The Caduceus is the winged staff of the messenger god Hermes who was the patron of  trade & journeys. A suitable logo for a company shipping trade goods overseas.

        

 

  Pavlov Stars found at Bentham Mills

#

OBVERSE  click thumbnail

REVERSE click thumbnail

Notes

star

001

Ф.ПABЛOBЬ
(F.PAVLOV)
P.H.PAWLOW.

S. PETERSBURG

Caduceus

 

Found in fields where the

seals were  predominately

dated 1829 and 1831

 

Actually says S. PETERSBURC

 

The only other known seal of

this type is a badly damaged

 example in Great Yarmouth

 Museum with a Star and the

 letters RBURG on the reverse.

 

The six-pointed star, the Magen

David, the Shield of David,

the Star of David, is also

known as a hexagram, or

more rarely, Solomon's Seal.

 

Many Jews in St Petersburg were

involved in the Flax trade

  

 

The Caduceus is the winged staff

of the messenger god Hermes who

was the patron of trade & journeys.

A suitable logo for a company

shipping trade goods overseas.

 

 

Many buildings in St Petersburg

have a Caduceus on their facade.

 

A superb example of a cloth seal

with a Caduceus and Hermes.

Philippe Lanez- the monogram

MDF is Matthieu de Favay. MANUFACTURE MATTHIEU DE FAVAY à EUPEN.

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

An interesting Cloth Seal from a

Maritime Port. The letters in

German and Cyrillic state

TUCH UND TRIKOT

Cloth and Fine Knitwear.

The Caduceus is the winged staff

of the messenger god Hermes who

was the patron of trade & journeys.

A suitable logo for a company

shipping trade goods overseas.

The Anchor symbolises a port.

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

star

002

Ф.ПABЛOBЬ

(F.PAVLOV) 

P.H.PAWLOW.

S. PETERSBURG

Caduceus

star

003

Ф.ПABЛOBЬ

(F.PAVLOV) 

P.H.PAWLOW.

S. PETERSBURG
Caduceus

star

004

Ф.ПABЛOBЬ

(F.PAVLOV) 

P.H.PAWLOW.

S. PETERSBURG

Caduceus

star

005

Ф.ПABЛOBЬ

(F.PAVLOV)

P.H.PAWLOW.

S. PETERSBURG

Caduceus

star

006

Ф.ПABЛOBЬ

(F.PAVLOV)

P.H.PAWLOW.

S. PETERSBURG

Caduceus

star

007

Ф.ПABЛOBЬ

(F.PAVLOV)

P.H.PAWLOW.

S. PETERSBURG

Caduceus

star

008

Ф.ПABЛOBЬ

(F.PAVLOV)

P.H.PAWLOW.

S. PETERSBURG

Caduceus

star

009

Ф.ПABЛOBЬ

(F.PAVLOV)

P.H.PAWLOW.

S. PETERSBURG

Caduceus

star

010

Ф.ПABЛOBЬ

(F.PAVLOV) 

P.H.PAWLOW.

S. PETERSBURG

Caduceus

star

011

Ф.ПABЛOBЬ

(F.PAVLOV)

P.H.PAWLOW

S. PETERSBURG

Caduceus

star

012

Ф.ПABЛOBЬ

(F.PAVLOV)

P.H.PAWLOW

S. PETERSBURG

Caduceus

star

013

Ф.ПABЛOBЬ

(F.PAVLOV)

P.H.PAWLOW

S. PETERSBURG

Caduceus

star

014

Ф.ПABЛOBЬ

(F.PAVLOV)

P.H.PAWLOW

S. PETERSBURG

Caduceus

star

015

Ф.ПABЛOBЬ

(F.PAVLOV)

P.H.PAWLOW

S. PETERSBURG

Caduceus

star

016

Ф.ПABЛOBЬ

(F.PAVLOV)

P.H.PAWLOW

S. PETERSBURG

Caduceus

star

017

Ф.ПABЛOBЬ

(F.PAVLOV)

P.H.PAWLOW

S. PETERSBURG

Caduceus

star

018

Ф.ПABЛOBЬ

(F.PAVLOV)

P.H.PAWLOW

S. PETERSBURG

Caduceus
         

Star Seals from Kinghorn Mills in Fife

Star

KH01

????

1800

*

blank
St Petersburg

  A similar seal is in Great Yarmouth Museum 4 GRYEH: 1891.74.1

  The reverse had -RBURG in Cyrillic - PБУPГ
  Star Seal from random internet search (as above)

IDS

979

????

1800

*

no photo

blank
St Petersburg

Carved Star Seals from Little Patrick Mill

1820

L94

ЛД = LD

П.ШИЛOBЬ

(P.SHILOV)

H97

NP

AK12H

1820

97

post

 

 

 

 

 

Star of David Guano Seals from Belgium

 

Guano

Star 1

Star of David

GUANO

found by

Johan

 Dils

Guano

Star 2

Star of David

GUANO

found by

Johan

 Dils

Guano

Star 3

Star of David

GUANO

found by

Johan

 Dils

Guano

Star 4

Star of David

GUANO

found by

Johan

 Dils
 More Guano seals on the Inland Fur & Pelt Trade page
           
           

 

 

Ardamazki changed to Ardamatzky in 1851

One of the rare instances when STPB actually means shipped from St Petersburg.

 From the archives by Paul Cannon .. AR.Damski from John Sullivan' Book  appears to be just Ardamski ..  “From St Petersburgh … the stock for sale of brack, 1842, was small, Ardamatskey and Koroleff being the two principal holders”. Northern Whig, 22 October 1842 .  “Hemp and flax … Ardmatsky and Koroleff the two best dealers”. Bells Weekly Messenger, 3 January 1848.  “About 200 tons new flax have been brought from Ardmatzky and Koroleff”. Northern Whig, 7 July 1849.  “St Petersburg letters … Ardamatsky and Koroleff”. Dundee, Perth and Cupar Advertiser, 23 Feb 1849.  “… but Ardmatsky and Koroleff … These two firms last year shipped about 69% of the whole quantity from St Petersburgh”. Belfast Mercantile Register and Weekly Advertiser, 30 Jan 1849.  “Brothers Ardmatsky and Koroleff had placed further some 300 tons of flax”. Belfast Mercantile Register and Weekly Advertiser, 27 March 1849.
  “From St Petersburgh … One of our brokers has orders from Brothers Ardamatsky and Koroleff”. Public Ledger and Daily Advertiser, 15 March 1852.  Ardomatsky & Koroleff mentioned in London Express dealing 900 tons of 12H flax at St Petersburg 28 -06- 1850.  “St Petersburg … Koraleff at 125, 110 & 100 ro … Ardamatsky holds at 130, 115 102 ro”. London Daily News,  15 August 1853

#

OBVERSE  click thumbnail

REVERSE click thumbnail

Notes

1844

KH01

18 JБ  44

No 2 (2 post)

Ho 2.
__.___

 O.9.П

2nd sort
9 pukn (pieces)
(flax)

 П = ПУКН

PUKN = PICK
or pieces

1847

KH01

2 (2 post)

1847

Ho2
__,__

O.9.П

2nd sort
9 pukn (pieces)
(flax)

presumed
Ardamazki

1847

KH02

2 (2 post)

1847

Ho2
__,__

O.9.П

2nd sort
9 pukn (pieces)
(flax)

presumed
Ardamazki

IDS

1139

ARDAMAZKI

БA  1845

STPB

Ho 2.
__,__

Л.10П

2nd sort
10 pukn (pieces)
Л (len) (flax)

 Kinghorn Mills
STPB - St Petersburg

  1845  IDS 1139   Л.10П   Л = Flax,    П = ПУКН = PUKN = PICK (replaced sort, grade, bundle). 10 plants in the bale

1848

KH01

ARDAMAZKI

BA  1848

STPB

Ho 1.
__,__

Л.12П

1st sort
12 pukn (pieces)
Л (len) (flax)

 Kinghorn Mills
STPB - St Petersburg

  1848  KH0I   Л.12П   Л = Flax,    П = ПУКН = PUKN = PICK (replaced sort, grade, bundle).  12 plants in the bale

1856

KH01

ARDAMATZKY

BA ????
STPB

Ho 1
__,__

1856

1st sort

1856
(flax)

   Kinghorn Mills

1847

KH01

ARDAMATZKY

BA  1847
STPB.1

2"C.
__,__

9 П.

2nd (COPT) sort
9 pukn (pieces)
(flax)

   Kinghorn Mills

1851

KH01

ARDAMATZKY

BA  1851

SPB

H 2.
__,__

9 П.

2nd sort
9 pukn (pieces)
(flax)

   Kinghorn Mills

IDS
1293

ARDAMATZKY

B.A.  1851

SPB

Ho 2.
__,__

9 П.

2nd sort
9 pukn (pieces)
(flax)

   Jessica Mason
Markinch, Fife

IDS
1132

ARDAMAZKI

BA  1853

SPB

Ho2
--.--
 9.П

2nd sort
9 pukn (pieces)
 (flax)

Baz Oberon

Montgomery
Monikie, Scotland

IDS
1162

ARDAMAZKI
BA  1850
STPB

Ho 3.
--.--
11.П

3rd sort

11 pukn (pieces)
 (flax)

Aleksandrs
 Felixstowe
Suffolk

IDS
1672

B.ARDAMATSKY

B.A.  1852

SPB

Ho 2.
__.__
9 П.

2nd sort
9 П pukn (pieces)
(flax)

   Howard Renwick
Fife

IDS
1866

B.ARDAMATSKY

B.A.  1851

SPB

Ho 2.
__.__
9 П.

2nd sort
9 П pukn (pieces)
(flax)

   Harry Neesam
Fife, Scotland

IDS
1894

ARDAMAZKI
B.A. / 1849
ST.P.B

Ho 2.
__.__
9. П

2nd sort
9 П pukn (pieces)
(flax)

   Brian Sanderson
Brechin
Scotland

1851

KH02

2

ARDAMATZKY

A Б  1851
STPB

2 post
(flax)

  

1851

KH03

2

ARDAMATZKY

A Б  1851
STPB

2 post
(flax)

 
 

IDS
685

ARDAMATZKI

БA  1846

STPB

3 й C
--.--
12.П

3rd (COPT) Sort

12 pukn (pieces)
(flax)

8 ADMUS: A1988.296

TW
06

no photo

ARDAMATZKY

БA  1851

STPB

no photo

Ho 2.
_,_

9П

2nd sort
9 pukn (pieces)
(flax)

20 ADMUS: A1989.265

TW
07

no photo

ARDAMATZKY

БA  1851

STPB

no photo

Ho 2.
_,_

9П

2nd sort
9 pukn (pieces)
(flax)

NE Fife Museum
63 CUPMS: 1999.52.46

 

TW
01

ARDAMAZKI

BA  1848

STPB

no photo

Ho2
--.--
9.П

2nd sort
9 pukn (pieces)
(flax)

23 ADMUS: A1990.311

TW
02

no photo

ARDAMAZKI

BA  1847

STPB

no photo

Ho 1.
_,_

Л12П

1st sort
12 pukn (pieces)
Л (len) (flax)

Dundee
02 DUN: 1977.1048

TW
03

ARDAMAZKI

BA  1847

STPB

no photo

2"C
_,_

9.П

2nd (COPT) sort
9 pukn (pieces)
(flax)

Kirkcaldy Museum
141 KIRMG: 2006.341

TW
04

no photo

ARDAMAZKI

BA  ??48

STPB

no photo

Ho 2.
_,_

1848

No 2 sort
1848
(flax)

Kirkcaldy Museum
82 KIRMG: 2006.282

TW
05

no photo

ARDAMAZKI

БA  1848

STPB

no photo

Ho 1.
_,_

Л12П

1st sort
12 pukn (pieces)
Л (len) (flax)

 Kirkcaldy Museum
16 KIRMG: 2006.199

TW
08

no photo

ARDAMAZKI

БA  1848

STPB

no photo

2"C
_,_

9.П		 2nd (COPT) sort
9 pukn (pieces)
(flax)		 NE Fife Museum
65 CUPMS: 1999.52.48

TW
09

no photo

ARDAMAZKI

BA  1848

STPB

no photo

Ho 2.
_,_

9П		 2nd sort
9 pukn (pieces)
(flax)		 NE Fife Museum
66 CUPMS: 1999.52.49

TW
10

no photo

ARDAMAZKI

БA  1847

STPB

no photo

2"C
_,_

9.П		 2nd (COPT) sort
9 pukn (pieces)
(flax)		 Private
62 JBC 07
             

The Brothers Koroleff

 ИФK is the company of Ivan Fedorevich Koroleff a hemp and flax inspector in St Petersburg

IDS

380

KOROLEFF

И.Ф.K

ST.P.B

Ho_2
_,_

1844

2nd

grade
(flax)

eBay

Cumbria

IDS
806

KOROLEFF

И.Ф.K
1844

????

StP

 St Petersburg

Steven Leckey
Fairburn Yorkshire

IDS

1037

KOROLEFF

И.Ф.K

ST.P.B

Ho_2
_,_

1845

2nd grade
1845
(flax)

Mark Didlick
Wass
North Yorkshire

ABR
1849
01

KOROLEFF
И.Ф.K
ST.P.B

Ho_3
_,_

1849

3rd grade
1849
(flax)

Alan Rutter
Arbroath
Scotland

IDS

1678

KOROLEFF

И.Ф.K

ST.P.B

Ho3
_,_

1855

3rd grade
1855
(flax)

Darryl French
North of Montrose
Scotland

IDS

1864

KOROLEFF

И.Ф.K
1853
ST.P.B

2

2nd grade
(flax)

Steven Spink
Arbroath

IDS

2148

KOROLEFF

И.Ф.K

ST.P.B

Ho2
_,_

1848

2nd grade
1848
(flax)

John Brassey
Fife
Scotland

IDS
2190

ИФК (IFK)
(Ivan Fedorevich Koroleff)
1859   /   StPB

blank

(A round seal cut into a square)

James Anthony
Barker
Montrose, Angus
             
Trofimov & Larionov Company - St Petersburg

IDS
824

ТРОФИМОВ  И  ЛАРИОНОВ

(TROFIMOV & LARIONOV)

С.ПЕТЕРБУРГЬ
St PETERSBURG

 eBay
Russia

Estonia

 

 

 

 

 

 
           

 

Miscellaneous Seals - possibly flax.

These seals do not specifically say that they are flax or hemp ... they just say the are number 1 or 2 grade.

   Russian customs had similar grading on lots of exports including - iron, copper, hemp,  flax, codilla, cordage, tallow and tallow candles, wax and wax candles, soap, potash, hemp seed oil, linseed oil, isinglass, tobacco leaves, horse hair, treacle, bristles, Muscovy leather, sole leather, tar, pitch, linen yarn, mats, & feathers and down, wool, caviar, tea, hops, horsetails, hare skins, Morocco bear skins, calve skins, deals, spars, quills, hats, ox and deer tongues, glass of different kinds, sailcloth, ravenduck, drillings, different kinds of napkin cloth, wheat, rye, linseed, flems, linen of different sorts, ox and cow horns and bones, and other lesser goods.

IDS
1137

ЯАХОВ ОКАГО
ОКАГО (ligature)

(YAKOV OKAGO)

 No 2
(Number 2 grade)
1847

104 CUPMS: 1999.53.37
(flax)

IDS
1138

ПОВХО ----- ДПА
ЯD (ligature)
(POVKHO-----DPA)

 No 1
 (Number 1 grade)
1847

 John McRobbie
Perthshire, Scotland
(flax)

IZ

ИЗ
 (IZ)

 N 2
(Number 2 grade)
1845

6 ADMUS: A1988.292
(flax)

IDS

1183

S.KG & Co.
1847

III
SORT

3rd
SORT

Newent
Gloucestershire

IDS
1201

БРАТЬЯ  ЕЛИСЕЕВЫ
BOTHERS ELISEEVY
 Russian Double Headed Eagle
СПБ  (St Petersburg)

СЪ / 1813 / СЕДА
SELO SEDA

Seda Village Latvia

Russia

  IDS1201 Joint stock company "Seda" is a major employer in the extraction of peat.

IDS
1202

*БРАТЬЕВЪ ЕЛИСЕЕВЫХЪ

BROTHERS ELISEEVYKH
БЕ (BE caligraphy)

СПБ  (St Petersburg)

Russia

IDS
1203

Bee (beeswax for candles)

СП:Б ЕПАРХИАЛЬНЫЙ.
 СВѢЧНОЙ / СКЛАДЪ

DIOCESAN CANDLE

WAREHOUSE IN SPB

Russia

IDS
1204

Boat (Lodz is boat in Polish)

МАКСИМ. ШИФФЕРЪ / ЛОДЗЬ
MAXIM SHIFFER of LUDZ

Russia

  IDS 1204 Lodz was the "Manchester of Poland" and centre of their successful textile industry which was a threat to Russian textiles around 1885.

IDS
1216

ТОРГ.ДОМ
 (ТОРГОВЫЙ ДОМ)
TRADING HOUSE of
ПЕРЛОВЪ (PERLOV)

*
С - ПЕТРБ
St Petersburg
*

Russia

IDS
1227

ТHORNTON
*С.П.Б* (St Petersburg)
ТОРНТОНЪ

blank

Euro-Plombs
NEVSKAYA MANUFAKTURA (50 Oktyabrskaya Embankment), an open joint-stock company, manufacturer of woollen cloth, non-woven fabrics, and industrial cloth. Founded by English merchant J. Thornton in 1841, the factory belonged to Thornton Woolens Partnership from 1866. It specialised in spinning, weaving, and finishing, as well as manufacturing fabric, such as wool, ratteen, cheviot, tweed, etc., as well as blankets, plaids, and shawls.

IDS
2036

ТHORNTON
* С.П.Б * (St Petersburg)
ТОРНТОНЪ

blank  

Ged Dodd
eBay, Russia
             
             
             

IDS
1207

ПЕЧАТЬ / C:ПБУГ П:АМTA

SEAL / ST PETERSBURG POST

blank

Russia

   IDS 1207   ПЕЧАТЬ  C:П(ETEP)БУГ П(OЧ)АМTA is the Seal of St Petersburg Postal Service
             

 

The Vanyukovs of  Soltsy.

   Soltsy, named from the nearby salt water springs, was an intermediate station on the trade route connecting Novgorod and Pskov. Flax and hemp goods were shipped to St Petersburg by barge. In the 2nd guild list of Soltsy merchants from 1844, Mikhail, Ivan, Timofey and Fyodor (Fedor) Vanyukov were recorded Quality control officers who were registered in St Petersburg as a Hemp & Flax Codilla Brackers.  Codilla (Cedilla) or (Paklya) is Scutching Tow. Broken fibres from Scutching or the Heckled flax is used for Tow yarn, twine or stuffing. Hemp Codilla is the refuse after cleansing hemp and this is generally made up in small bundles of one pood which are when shipped bound together in one large bundle consisting of about thirty small ones. There were already 230 merchants and 1,720 bourgeois families living in Soltsy that year. Their father was Manuila Efimovich Vanyukov.

   From the very beginning, Soltsy merchants specialized in the primary processing of flax - scutching it. The merchants floated the resulting products on barges to Petersburg, to a special linen port, from where they headed to the linen factories. Raw materials were purchased in the district directly from the landowners' farms or at the auction, where peasants from all over the district gathered. It was this linen business that the younger Vanyukovs, Ivan and Fyodor Manuilovich, took up. They may well be considered one of the first founders of flax processing in Soltsy. Fyodor turned out to be the most successful. In all matters, Fyodor was assisted by his eldest son Yakov.

Reference reading in detail, in Russian, from http://soltsy.orthodoxy.ru/.../vanykovy/by_savinova.html

#

 OBVERSE  click thumbnail

  REVERSE click thumbnail

notes

IDS
673

ФEДOPA MAHУИЛ BAHЮKOBA

the factory of
(FEDORA MANUIL VANYUKOVA)

No 2

1847

2nd grade
Codilla

Montrose Museum
9 ADMUS: M1989.98

ADM
15

ТИМОФЕЯ МАНУИЛ ВАНЮКОВА

the factory of
(TIMOFERYA MANUIL VANYUKOVA)

no photo

no info

no info

Montrose Museum
15 ADMUS: M1995.161

IDS
2188

ФВ (FV)
(Fedor Vanyukov) (Fyodor)
Registered hemp and flax

 codilla bracker in SPB (1844)

1
1848
(1st sort or grade Codilla)

James Anthony
Barker
Montrose, Angus
             

 
             

 

 

  Kronstadt - the sea port for St Petersburg.

There was a shallow 8' to 9' depth barrier on the Neva river up to St Petersburg so large vessels were loaded and unloaded at Kronstadt (St Petersburg Port) and then shipped up the river on a light draught barge. Kronstadt also had its own seal with a crossed anchor and grappnel  which could well have been a Customs Tax or Military Seal for the Fortress but also indicated it was a sea and river port.

The island city and naval base Kronstadt makes an interesting day trip from Saint Petersburg as it is home to an impressive but neglected Naval Cathedral and was closed to all foreign travellers until the late 90's.

 

Miscellaneous Flax/Hemp Bale Inspectors from St Petersburg

Name of Inspector

Post

No

Bentham

Mill

West House

Little

Patrick

Aked

Folly

Kinghorn

Fife

Museums and

other sites **

Ident

JS

 Ardamatzky (flax)

SPB

-----

-----

-----

-----

1851KH01
1851KH02
1851KH03

20 ADMUS: A1989.265
63 CUPMS: 1999.52.46
Markinch, Fife
Fife

Ho 2
Ho 2
Ho 2
Ho 2

1851
1851
1851
1852

 Ardamazki (flax)

SPB

-----

-----

-----

-----

1848KH01

8 ADMUS: A1988.296

Dundee 02 DUN: 1977.1048
Arbroath 20 ADMUS: A1990.311
Arbroath 8 ADMUS: A1988.296
141 KIRMG: 2006.341
82 KIRMG: 2006.282
16 KIRMG: 2006.199
65 CUPMS: 1999.52.48
66 CUPMS: 1999.52.48
62 JBC 07

 3"C 12.П

Л12П
0.9П
3"C 12.П
2"C 9.П
Ho 2
Л12П
2"C 9.П
Ho 2
2"C 9.П

1846

1847
1848
1846
1847
1848
1848
1848
1848
1847

 Damatskoi.A.Б  (hemp)

SPB

-----

-----

-----

-----

-----

Kirkcaldy 17 KIRMG: 2006.207

IDS684

1846

 Damatskoi.Fedos'ei (hemp)

SPB

 see Hills & Whishaw

-----

-----

-----

Perth 9 PERMG:1992.142.1
NE Fife 67 CUPMS: 1999.52.50

IDS683
IDS682

1847
1847

 Gerasimov.P.N.

SPB

-----

-----

-----

-----

-----

Narva

IDS1406

-----
 Gorbonov.Vasilii SPB

 Quality control officer registered in SPB as a Hemp & Flax Codilla Bracker in 1840/42/43/44

 Hills & Wishaw

SPB

see Damatskoi.Fedos'ei

-----

-----

-----

Perth 9 PERMG:1992.142.1
NE Fife 67 CUPMS: 1999.52.50

IDS683
IDS682

1847
1847

 Hills & Wishaw

Arch
SPB

 ХИЛЛCЪ И BИШAУ

Vologda Region

ManFG01

241 DMP 07 Г Г
242 DMP 08 Г Г
private Г Г
Hayle, Cornwall

-----
IDS681
IDS738
IDS1344

1864
1864
1864
----
   Hills & Wishaw had political influence in the UK through Thomas Mitchell, the senior partner for  London Agents & Liberal MP for Bridport.

 Kahkoff.   Proprietaire

SPB

(flax)

-----

-----

-----

-----

Montrose 25 ADMUS: M1998.91
Arbroath    Arb 1853  001

IDS679
-----

1853
1853
 Kaltushkin.Mikhailo SPB

 Quality control officer registered in SPB as a Hemp & Flax Codilla Bracker in 1840, 1842,

 Kaltushkin.Petr SPB

 Quality control officer registered in SPB as a Hemp & Flax Codilla Bracker in 1840/42/43/44
 Kaul.Franz SPB

 Quality control officer registered in SPB as a Senior Hemp & Flax Codilla Bracker in 1844

 Koroleff  (hemp)

StPB

-----

-----

-----

-----

2C_._9П

42 ADMUS: M2007.38

ИФK

----

 Koroleff (flax) ИФK

StPB

-----

-----

-----

-----

1844Kn01
-----
-----
-----

Knaresborough
4 ADMUS: M1980.3639
103 CUPMS: 1999.53.36
JS 21
6 PERMG: 1992.140.4
eBay ИФK
Oweston Ferry
Wass, North Yorkshire
Montrose, Scotland
Arbroath
Fife
Montrose

ИФK
ИФK
ИФK
ИФK
ИФK
IDS380
IDS806
IDS1037
IDS1678
IDS1864
IDS2148
IDS2190

1844
1844
1848
1850
1850
1844
1844
1845
1855
1853
1848
1859
 Koroleff.Ivan SPB

 Quality control officer registered in SPB as a Hemp and Flax Codilla Bracker in 1842,
 Pavlov.F SPB

 See above

 Larionov & Trofimov

SPB

-----

----

-----

-----

-----

Russia

IDS824

----
                   

 Rivaz & Co

SPB

 French Company went bankrupt in 1847

FLO Cornwall

IDS287

1847
 Selin.Daniilo SPB

 Quality control officer registered in SPB as a Hemp & Flax Codilla Bracker in 1840/42/43/44
 Sheravskoi.Ivan SPB

 Quality control officer registered in SPB as a Hemp & Flax Codilla Bracker in 1840/42/43/44
 Shubin,Alexander SPB

 See above -  ANCHOURER  LE PORT A ST PETERSBOURG
 Shustov.Rodion SPB

 Quality control officer registered in SPB as a Hemp & Flax Codilla Bracker in 1840/43/44
 Sukorukov.Fedor SPB

 Quality control officer registered in SPB as a Hemp & Flax Codilla Bracker in 1840/42/43/44

 S.KG & Co

SPB

-----

----

-----

-----

-----

Newell, Gloucestershire

IDS1183

1847

 Trofimov & Larionov

SPB

-----

----

-----

-----

-----

Russia

IDS824

----

 Vanyukov.Fedor

SPB

 Quality control officer registered in SPB as a Hemp & Flax Codilla Bracker in 1844

IDS2188

1848
 Vanyukov.Ivan SPB

 Quality control officer registered in SPB as a Hemp & Flax Codilla Bracker in 1844
 Vanyukov.Timofeya Manuil

 Quality control officer registered in SPB as a Hemp & Flax Codilla Bracker in 1844
 Zimichev.Evstigney SPB

 Quality control officer registered in SPB as a Hemp & Codilla Bracker in 1840, 1842, 1943,

 Zimin.Leontii SPB

 Quality control officer registered in SPB as a Senior Hemp & Flax Codilla Bracker in 1844

                   

 

 

 

 

 

 Arms of St Petersburg City

#

OBVERSE click thumbnail

REVERSE click thumbnail

Found by

Notes

IDS

587

ST:P

C.RIVA????

(St Petersburg)

anchor

1S

1st sort

(select)

Anna Tyacke

FLO Cornwall

IDS

1406

С.ПЕТЕРБУРГЪ
S. PETERBURG

П.Н.ГАРАСИМОВЪ

(P.N.GARASIMOV)

Anchor

Daniil Galitski
Narva

IDS

1433

САНКТ ПЕТЕРБУРГ ПТ
(ST PETERSBURG PORT)

Crossed Anchor & Grapnel

blank

The Seal used for
cities with both a
sea and river port

PAS / LVPL-356303
Selby
North Yorkshire

IDS

1652

САНКТ ПЕТЕРБУРГ ПPТ
(ST PETERSBURG PORT)

X Anchor & Grapnel 1798

no photo

blank

The Seal used for
cities with both a
sea and river port

Jeffrey Williams
Georgia
USA ??
IZ ИЗ
 (IZ)		  N 2
(number 2 grade)
1845		 6 ADMUS: A1988.292
(flax)

  Other seal-like Anchor items are usually lead trading tokens of unknown provenance.

AN

01

Anchor

Blank

13.7 grams

21x21x4

West House Mills

see

Tokens

 

 


 Deciphering Circular Dated Seals - Russian Crosslet Seals

  Circular Dated seals are custom tax seals. CПБ.TA.OTP.TOB is for St Petersburg.

  CПБ (St Petersburg) TAMOЖHЯ (Customs) OTPACЛЬ (Department) TOBAP (Goods)

 

The date can be read in two ways .

 

 If the base of the numbers face the centre it is read clockwise as 1815

 

 

 

 

 

If the top of the numbers face the centre it is read in two parts as 18_35

 

IDS
262

*C.П.Б.T.OT.TO
 1835

Thistle

blank

St Petersburg

IDS
681

???T.PИ? (Riga)

1815

shield with crescent

blank

 

Riga

 see the Circular Dated Seal page here

...

When the letter Ю is rotated

90 degrees to the right it is

used as a symbol to represent

the Russian state seal.

 

T is
 TAMOЖHЯ, ТАМОЖЕННАЯ (TAMOZEHNNAYA) = CUSTOMS

 

 

 Russian State Arms Custom Seals for St Petersburg. see ЮT page

#

OBVERSE  click thumbnail

REVERSE click thumbnail

Notes

IDS

339

blank

Russian State

St Petersburg

Customs Seal

CAHKT ПETEPБПOT
St Petersburg Port

1792  Ю T

 

  TAMOЖHЯ = CUSTOMS

  TAMOZHNYA

 

 

  CAHKTПETEPБПOT

SANKT PETERB POT

САΗΚΤ ПΕΤΕРЂУРΓ  ПОΤ

SANKT PETERBURG POT St Petersburg Port

 

 

 

When the letter Ю  is rotated 90 degrees to the right it is used as a symbol to represent the Russian state seal when it's absent from a seal (common)

 

T is

 TAMOЖHЯ, ТАМОЖЕННАЯ

 (TAMOZEHNNAYA)

 = CUSTOMS

 

 

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

 

Some distorted seals can

be identified as belonging

to St Petersburg because

they have a crown in the

middle of the date.

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

 
 

IDS

340

blank

Russian State

St Petersburg

Customs Seal

САΗΚΤ(Ъ)

ПΕΤΕРЂУРΓ ПOT

St Petersburg Port

Ю 1762 T
 

IDS

391

blank

Russian State

St Petersburg

Customs Seal

CAHKT ПETEPБПOT

St Petersburg Port

1798  Ю T

 

IDS
397

blank

Russian State

St Petersburg

Customs Seal

CAHKT ПETEPБПOT

St Petersburg Port

17?? Ю T

 

IDS
771

blank

Russian State

St Petersburg

Customs Seal

CAHKT ПETEPБПOT

St Petersburg Port

1797 Ю T

 

Cr
091

blank

Russian State

St Petersburg

Customs Seal

CAHKT ПETEPБПOT

St Petersburg Port

1792      Ю T
 

IDS
823

blank

Russian State

St Petersburg

Customs Seal

CAHKT ПETEPБУ:ПP:T

St Petersburg : Port : T

1793  Ю T

  An unusual seal .. CAHKT = SAINT .. ПETEPБУ = PETERBU .. :ПP = Port .. :T = Customs tax
  Ю is used as a symbol of the Russian State Arms when it is missing from the blank obverse.

IDS

1603

САHKTПEТЕРБУРГПOPТ:
 SANKT PETERBURG PORT
17*70  Ю Russian Arms TO

usually a symbol below

The reverse usually has the double headed

Russian State Arms. When blank there is a

 Ю symbol on the obverse ., a small

Russian State Arms Symbol, and a TO is tax.

IDS
1024

no photo

blank

Russian State

St Petersburg

Customs Seal

CAHKT ПETEPБПORT

St Petersburg Port  1770

Ю  eagle  T

  IDS 1024 has a St Petersburg city eagle seal and a Ю Russian state seal

IDS
1041

blank

Russian State

St Petersburg

Customs Seal

CAHKT ПETEPБПORT

St Petersburg Port  1770

Ю  eagle  TO

  IDS 1041 has a St Petersburg city eagle seal and a Ю Russian state seal

IDS
1266

blank

Russian State Eagle

St Petersburg

Customs Tax Seal

CAHKT ПETEPБПORT

Saint Petersburg Port  1770

Ю  double headed eagle  TO

IDS
1272

blank (usually the

Russian State Eagle)

of St Petersburg

Customs Tax Seal

ПORTCAHKTПETEPБУРГ
Port Saint Petersburg   1775
Ю  Eagle  T  = Customs Tax.

(Caduceus Trading Symbol)
IDS 1272 The Caduceus is the winged staff of the messenger god Hermes who was the patron of trade & journeys. A suitable logo for a company shipping trade goods overseas. Many buildings in St Petersburg have a Caduceus on their facade.
           

IDS
1047

1799 Russian Tax

Ю City Arms T

 САНКТПЕТРБПОТ

St Petersburg Port

Blank

  
Tax
17

Russian Double

Headed Eagle

*С.ПЕТЕРБ.ПОРТ.Т

St Petersburg Port Tax

T = TAMOЖHЯ = Customs Tax

IDS
1301

1788

Ю (seal) Eagle Т (Tax)

ПОІГРЕ ПОРТ РИЖСКОИ

no photo

  probably Riga

State Tax Seal

money purse?

IDS
1302

1789

Ю (seal) Eagle Т (Tax)

САΗΚΤ(Ъ)

 ПΕΤΕРЂУРΓСΚОИ ПОРΤ

no photo

SAINT PETERSBURG PORT

Styalised ship's hull?

IDS

1303

????ГАРИЖ????ПО
1780 Ю (seal) Eagle Т (Tax)

(Padlock)

    Blank

    

IDS

1474

ПОРТА/СА НКТ/ПТЕР/БУРГС
PORT SANKT PETERBURGS
1782   Ю Russian Arms T
(padlock)

    Blank

   

IDS

1475

ПОРТАСАHKПEТЕРБУРГ
PORT SANKT PETERBURG
17*73   Ю Russian Arms T

The reverse usually has the double headed

 Russian State Arms. When blank there is a

Ю symbol on the obverse ., a small Russian

State Arms Symbol, and a T for tax.

IDS

1476

*САHKTПEТЕРБУРГCKO.ПP
SANKT PETERBURG PORT
17*72   Ю Russian Arms T

Some seals can be identified as St Petersburg because they have a crown in the middle of the date.

IDS

1488

САHKT ПEТЕРБУРГ
SANKT PETERBURG
18 (double headed eagle) 03

The reverse usually has the double headed

 eagle arms and when blank there is a Ю on the obverse, a small Russian State Arms, and a T for tax. All absent on the obverse of this seal.

IDS

1502

САHKT ПEТЕРБУРГ ПТ:
SANKT PETERBURG PORT
17*98  Ю Russian Arms T

(A symbol of a ship's hull or key)

The reverse usually has the double headed

 Russian State Arms. When blank there is a

Ю symbol on the obverse ., a small Russian

State Arms Symbol, and a T for tax.

IDS

1999

blank

Russian State

Customs Seal

CAHKT ПETEPБCПOT
St Petersburg Port

17 (crown) ??

IDS
1041

blank

Russian State

St Petersburg

Customs Seal

CAHKT ПETEPБПORT

St Petersburg Port  1753

Ю  eagle  TO

IDS
2098

blank

Russian State

Customs Tax Seal

CAHKT ПETEPББУРГ ПТ
SANKT PETERBURG PT
St Petersburg Port   1753
Ю  eagle  TO

         
         
         

 

Seal Crimping Tools on Custom Seals

   

Seal Crimping Tools

 

 These are old brass crimping pliers for seals .. they have two hard faced interchangeable dies ..

one fitted in each side. Each flax inspector had their own die and each Grower/Owner/Agent had

their own die positioned on either side of the pliers .. both were removable and interchangeable.

Seal Crimping Tongs in Lakenhal Museum in Lieden

   ..plus stylised ship hulls and curious bulbous shapes .. like fish and keys .. possibly Christian

      

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

The French Connection in St Petersburg

#

OBVERSE click thumbnail

REVERSE click thumbnail

Finder/ Location

IDS

1585

Г.ЛАНДРИНЪ / ФАБ.

(G.LANDRIN / FABRICTOR)
КОНФЕКТЪ /СПБ

(of CANDIES in St.Petersburg)

G.LANDRIN
FABRIQ
BONBONS
ST.PRG

G.LANDRIN
MANUFACTURER
of CANDIES in
ST.PETERSBURG

Daniil Galitski

 

Grigory Matveyevich Landrin 

was a confectioner, who brought

the French style to Russia.  He

produced chocolates, bonbons

and lollipops in St. Petersburg

  In the 1880's he passed away but

the company continued until the

Revolution. His chocolates were

a favourite of the Tsar.

 

Before the 1917 Revolution

there were 170 confectionery

makers in St. Petersburg, over

200 in Moscow and a total

of 600 across the country.

 

The Tsarina loved her hot

chocolate and it was cheap

enough for the peasants to

indulge as well.

 Г.ЛАНДРИНЪ (G.LANDRIN) М.КОНРАДИ (M.KONPADI)
     

Although very unwelcome in Moscow in 1812 Napoleon's image later became very popular on sweets and biscuits

  

 

    Most St Petersburg's seals have SPB or CПБ on them but with seals dated before 1829 this is always an indication that the bales have hemp in the bale and they may have come  from St Petersburg, Riga, Port Narva, Reval, Pernau, Libnau, Memel, Windau or other Ports. STPB is definitely from St Petersburg. 

  NP on seals before 1829 is always an indication that the bales have flax in the bale and yet again they may have come  from St Petersburg, Riga, Port Narva, Reval, Pernau, Libnau, Memel Windau or other Ports.

      By the same token NP on the second line on the reverse as in NP_1 (HoП_1), NP_2 (HoП_2), NP_3 (HoП_3) indicates a first, second or third grade flax.

 

Aerial view of 19th Century St Petersburg

 

 

 

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